JDBC中的DatabaseMetaData是什么？其意义何在？

通常，有关数据的数据称为元数据。 DatabaseMetaData 接口提供了一些方法来获取有关您所连接的数据库的信息，例如数据库名称、数据库驱动程序版本、最大列长度等...

以下是一些方法DatabaseMetaData 类。

示例

以下示例演示 DatabaseMetaData 类的用法。

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
public class DatabaseMetadataExample {
   public static void main(String args[])throws Exception {
      //Getting the connection
      String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/sampleDB";
      Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
      System.out.println("Connection established......");

      //Creating the DatabaseMetaData object
      DatabaseMetaData dbMetadata = con.getMetaData();
      //invoke the supportsBatchUpdates() method.
      boolean bool = dbMetadata.supportsBatchUpdates();

      if(bool) {
         System.out.println("Underlying database supports batch updates");
      } else {
         System.out.println("Underlying database doesnt supports batch updates");
      }

      //Retrieving the driver name
      System.out.println(dbMetadata.getDriverName());
      //Retrieving the driver version
      System.out.println(dbMetadata.getDriverVersion());
      //Retrieving the user name
      System.out.println(dbMetadata.getUserName());
      //Retrieving the URL
      System.out.println(dbMetadata.getURL());
      //Retrieving the list of numeric functions
      System.out.println("Numeric functions: "+dbMetadata.getNumericFunctions());
      System.out.println("");
      //Retrieving the list of String functions
      System.out.println("String functions: "+dbMetadata.getStringFunctions());
      System.out.println("");
      //Retrieving the list of system functions
      System.out.println("System functions: "+dbMetadata.getSystemFunctions());
      System.out.println("");
      //Retrieving the list of time and date functions
      System.out.println("Time and Date funtions: "+dbMetadata.getTimeDateFunctions());
   }
}

输出

Connection established......
Underlying database supports batch updates
MySQL-AB JDBC Driver
mysql-connector-java-5.1.12 ( Revision: ${bzr.revision-id} )
root@localhost
jdbc:mysql://localhost/sampleDB
Numeric functions:
ABS,ACOS,ASIN,ATAN,ATAN2,BIT_COUNT,CEILING,COS,COT,DEGREES,EXP,FLOOR,LOG,LOG10,MAX
,MIN,MOD,PI,POW,POWER,RADIANS,RAND,ROUND,SIN,SQRT,TAN,TRUNCATE
String functions:
ASCII,BIN,BIT_LENGTH,CHAR,CHARACTER_LENGTH,CHAR_LENGTH,CONCAT,CONCAT_WS,CONV,ELT,E
XPORT_SET,FIELD,FIND_IN_SET,HEX,INSERT,INSTR,LCASE,LEFT,LENGTH,LOAD_FILE,LOCATE,LO
CATE,LOWER,LPAD,LTRIM,MAKE_SET,MATCH,MID,OCT,OCTET_LENGTH,ORD,POSITION,QUOTE,REPEA
T,REPLACE,REVERSE,RIGHT,RPAD,RTRIM,SOUNDEX,SPACE,STRCMP,SUBSTRING,SUBSTRING,SUBSTR
ING,SUBSTRING,SUBSTRING_INDEX,TRIM,UCASE,UPPER
System functions:
DATABASE,USER,SYSTEM_USER,SESSION_USER,PASSWORD,ENCRYPT,LAST_INSERT_ID,VERSION
Time and Date funtions:
DAYOFWEEK,WEEKDAY,DAYOFMONTH,DAYOFYEAR,MONTH,DAYNAME,MONTHNAME,QUARTER,WEEK,YEAR,H
OUR,MINUTE,SECOND,PERIOD_ADD,PERIOD_DIFF,TO_DAYS,FROM_DAYS,DATE_FORMAT,TIME_FORMAT
,CURDATE,CURRENT_DATE,CURTIME,CURRENT_TIME,NOW,SYSDATE,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,UNIX_TIME
STAMP,FROM_UNIXTIME,SEC_TO_TIME,TIME_TO_SEC