什么是 Cardano？

该技能为 Cardano 区块链提供专门的技术支持，专注于其独特的扩展未花费交易输出 (eUTxO) 模型。与基于账户的区块链不同，该技能可协助用户处理消费和创建输出的复杂过程，确保确定性的交易费用和高效的多资产管理。它为开发者和用户提供了一个桥梁，让他们无需额外部署复杂的智能合约即可与网络的原生协议功能进行交互。

通过利用 Openclaw Skills，用户可以有效地管理其 ADA 资产，参与非托管质押生态系统，并处理在网络中被视为一等公民的原生代币。该技能还提供对 Voltaire 治理时代和 Project Catalyst 的深入见解，使用户能够在通过助记词保护和硬件钱包最佳实践保持高安全标准的同时，参与生态系统的去中心化未来。

下载入口:https://github.com/openclaw/skills/tree/main/skills/ivangdavila/cardano

安装与下载

1. ClawHub CLI

从源直接安装技能的最快方式。

2. 手动安装

将技能文件夹复制到以下位置之一

优先级：工作区 > 本地 > 内置

3. 提示词安装

将此提示词复制到 OpenClaw 即可自动安装。

Cardano 应用场景

• 管理和整合零散的 UTxO 以优化交易费用。
• 将 ADA 委托给权益池，在不锁定资金的情况下每 5 天（一个 Epoch）获得奖励。
• 使用特定的策略脚本铸造和销毁原生代币及 NFT。
• 排除交易失败故障，如最小 UTxO 要求或抵押品问题。
• 附加并验证链上元数据，用于交易审计和 NFT 标准。

1. 该技能在用户钱包上下文中识别可用的未花费交易输出 (UTxO)。
2. 它根据数据大小以及涉及的输入和输出数量计算精确的、确定性的交易费用。
3. 对于智能合约交互，该技能确保提供必要的抵押品且 Plutus 脚本格式正确。
4. 交易准备好进行签名并提交至 Cardano 主网或测试网（如 Preprod 和 Preview）。
5. 该技能追踪周期边界和权益池饱和度，提供质押绩效的实时更新。

Cardano 配置指南

要将 Cardano 功能集成到您的智能体环境中，您需要配置该技能以连接节点或轻钱包 API。使用以下命令在您的项目中初始化该技能：

openclaw install cardano-skill

请确保已针对相应网络（主网或测试网）设置环境变量，并且如果您正在处理 NFT，请配置好元数据提供程序。

Cardano 数据架构与分类体系

name: Cardano
description: Assist with Cardano ADA transactions, staking, native tokens, and UTxO model.
metadata: {"clawdbot":{"emoji":"?","os":["linux","darwin","win32"]}}

UTxO Model (Critical Difference)

• Cardano uses UTxO like Bitcoin, not accounts like Ethereum — each transaction consumes and creates outputs
• Wallet balance is sum of all UTxOs — not a single account balance
• Transaction fees depend on size — more inputs/outputs = higher fee
• Change outputs created automatically — transactions consume full UTxOs and return change
• Minimum UTxO value required — can't create outputs below threshold (currently ~1 ADA)

Transaction Characteristics

• Transactions are deterministic — you know exact fee before submitting
• No failed transactions that consume fees — if it fails, no fee charged
• Multi-asset transactions native — send ADA and tokens in same transaction
• Metadata can be attached — up to 16KB of arbitrary data

Native Tokens

• Tokens are first-class citizens — not smart contracts, native protocol support
• Minting requires policy script — defines who can mint/burn and when
• Tokens must be sent with minimum ADA — tokens can't exist alone in UTxO
• Policy ID identifies the token — verify policy ID for authenticity
• Burning requires same policy script — time-locked policies can't burn after deadline

Staking

• Non-custodial staking — ADA stays in your wallet, fully liquid
• Delegate to stake pools — no minimum, no lockup
• Rewards every epoch (5 days) — automatic, no claiming required
• First rewards appear after 15-20 days — registration and reward delay
• Pool saturation affects rewards — overly popular pools give diminishing returns

Choosing Stake Pools

• Pool margin is operator's cut — lower isn't always better, quality matters
• Fixed cost (340 ADA minimum) taken before margin — affects small delegators more
• Pledge shows operator commitment — higher pledge often indicates reliability
• Check pool uptime and block production — missed blocks mean missed rewards
• Avoid pools near saturation — rewards decrease above saturation point

Wallets

• Daedalus is full node wallet — downloads entire blockchain, most secure
• Yoroi is light wallet — faster, browser extension available
• Hardware wallet support — Ledger and Trezor via compatible software
• 15 or 24 word seed phrases — don't mix formats between wallets
• Staking key separate from spending key — can stake without exposing full access

Smart Contracts (Plutus)

• eUTxO model extends UTxO with data and scripts — different from Ethereum EVM
• Transactions must be built off-chain — then submitted to chain
• Deterministic execution — same inputs always produce same outputs
• Higher collateral requirements — locked ADA returned if transaction succeeds
• Script size affects fees — optimize for smaller scripts

Common Transaction Issues

• "Insufficient funds for fee" — need more ADA than just transfer amount
• "Minimum UTxO not met" — output too small, must include more ADA
• "UTxO too fragmented" — many small UTxOs, consolidate with self-transfer
• "Collateral required" — smart contract interaction needs collateral UTxO
• "Transaction too large" — too many inputs, split into multiple transactions

Network and Epochs

• Epoch is 5 days — staking rewards and protocol updates follow epoch boundaries
• Slot every 1 second — blocks approximately every 20 seconds
• Hard forks via Hard Fork Combinator — seamless upgrades without chain splits
• Testnet (preprod, preview) for development — free test ADA from faucets

Security

• Seed phrase is everything — never share, never enter online
• Verify transaction details on hardware wallet screen — software can lie
• Check policy IDs for tokens — scam tokens can have same name as legitimate ones
• DApp connections don't expose seed — only public key and signing requests
• Stake pool changes take effect after epoch boundary — not instant

NFTs and Metadata

• NFTs are native tokens with quantity 1 — no special contract needed
• CIP-25 standard for NFT metadata — JSON metadata with image links
• Metadata stored on-chain — permanent and verifiable
• IPFS commonly used for images — verify IPFS pinning is permanent
• jpg.store, cnft.io for marketplace — verify NFT policies before buying

Governance

• Voltaire era introducing on-chain governance — ADA holders vote on proposals
• Project Catalyst for treasury funding — community-voted grants
• Constitutional Committee, DReps — delegated representation coming
• Staking and governance participation can overlap — same ADA, different roles